The Peel (or pele) tower is an iconic piece of architecture on the Tweed. In the turbulent years of the 14th to 17th century, these fortifications were built on both sides of the border primarily for defence against disgruntled neighbours, invading armies and the notorious Border Reivers.
With thick stone walls and limited access points, they were an ideal stronghold. Some even had multiple levels for storing livestock, valuables and the local population who were all in danger of being nicked (or worse) by cross-border raiding parties!
In the 1430s, a line of these towers was built across the Tweed Valley from Berwick to its source. By an Act of Parliament in 1455, each tower was required to have an iron basket on its summit for smoke or fire signals to be lit to warn of approaching danger.
As with all impressive architecture, Peel towers also served as symbols of status and prestige for the local lairds and landlords.
Thankfully, relationships over the Border are much friendlier nowadays and Peel towers are no longer needed.
Smailholm Tower near Kelso, built by prominent local family the Pringles in the 1400s, stands 20m tall with 2.5m thick walls. The view from its battlements looks out across to Northumberland.
Neidpath Castle near Peebles also features a Peel tower. With rugged stone walls, hidden staircases, and stunning views, follow in the footsteps of former residents as the architecture has changed very little over the years, offering a true historical experience.
